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Doctoral Dissertation Defense
of
Dogus (DoÄŸuÅŸ) Duran

For the degree of

Doctor of Philosophy
Counselor Education and Supervision

Predicting the Roles of Relationship Between White Privilege Attitudes and Multicultural Competence on Broaching Behaviors Among Counselors: A Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analyses

February 18, 2026
noon

Predicting the Roles of Relationships Between White Privilege Attitudes and Multicultural Competence on Broaching Behaviors Among Counselors: A Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analyses

This study investigated the predictive relationships between counselors’ Multicultural Counseling Competence (MCC) and White Privilege Attitudes (WPA) on their broaching behaviors, defined as the intentional and proactive effort to address race, ethnicity, and culture within the therapeutic relationship. The research aimed to bridge the gap between counselors’ theoretical knowledge and their practical application of broaching skills. The study utilized a quantitative, predictive correlational design with a sample of 131 participants, comprising both licensed professional counselors and counselors-in-training from CACREP-accredited programs. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine the extent to which MCC and WPA predicted four distinct broaching styles: Avoidant, Continuing/Incongruent, Integrated, and Infusing. Key findings revealed that Multicultural Counseling Competence was a consistent and significant predictor across all models. Specifically, higher MCC was associated with reduced Avoidant and Continuing/Incongruent broaching and increased Integrated and Infusing broaching. White Privilege Attitudes contributed significant unique variance to the more advanced broaching styles. Notably, the addition of WPA scores explained an incremental 11.5% of the variance in Infusing broaching, the largest gain across all models, indicating that the ability to deeply weave social justice and systemic awareness into counseling is strongly tied to a counselor's willingness to confront privilege.